One of the most important speeches in Islamic history is Prophet Muhammad’s (ﷺ) Final Sermon, delivered during his Farewell Pilgrimage (Hajj) in the year 632 CE. This sermon provides a comprehensive summary of Islam’s teachings and serves as a universal message for all of humanity.
In this article, we will analyze the key messages of the Final Sermon and how they define the essence of Islam.
1. The Oneness of Allah and the Completion of Islam
📖 Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ) began his sermon by praising Allah and declaring the completion of Islam:
“O People! Listen to me carefully, for I do not know whether I shall meet you again after this year, in this place.”
🔹 Key Message:
✅ Islam is now complete and will remain the final guidance for all of humanity.
✅ The Prophet’s mission is fulfilled, and this is his last major public address.
✅ Tawheed (the Oneness of Allah) is the foundation of Islam.
📖 Quranic Confirmation:
“This day I have perfected for you your religion and completed My favor upon you and have approved for you Islam as your religion.” (Quran 5:3)
💡 Lesson: Islam is not just a religion but a complete way of life, guiding personal, social, and spiritual matters.
2. Equality of All Humans – No Racism in Islam
📖 The Prophet (ﷺ) said:
“All of you are from Adam, and Adam was from dust. An Arab is not superior to a non-Arab, nor is a non-Arab superior to an Arab. A white person is not superior to a black person, nor is a black person superior to a white person—except in piety (Taqwa).”
🔹 Key Message:
✅ Islam rejects racism, tribalism, and class divisions.
✅ The only thing that makes one person better than another is Taqwa (God-consciousness and good character).
📖 Quranic Confirmation:
“Indeed, the most honored of you in the sight of Allah is the most righteous among you.” (Quran 49:13)
💡 Lesson: In Islam, equality and justice are fundamental principles, and people should be judged only by their faith and actions, not by race or social status.
3. The Sanctity of Life, Property, and Honor
📖 The Prophet (ﷺ) said:
“O People! Just as this month (Dhul Hijjah), this day (Arafah), and this city (Mecca) are sacred, so too are the lives, property, and honor of every Muslim sacred.”
🔹 Key Message:
✅ Islam prohibits oppression, injustice, and violence.
✅ The dignity, property, and life of every human being must be respected and protected.
📖 Quranic Confirmation:
“Whoever kills a soul unjustly, it is as if he has killed all of humanity.” (Quran 5:32)
💡 Lesson: Respecting human rights is an essential part of Islam. Muslims must never harm others through injustice, theft, or dishonesty.
4. The Rights and Dignity of Women
📖 The Prophet (ﷺ) said:
“O People! Fear Allah with regard to your women. Treat them kindly, for they are your partners and committed helpers.”
🔹 Key Message:
✅ Women have equal rights and must be treated with kindness and respect.
✅ Islam gave women rights that were unheard of at that time, such as inheritance, education, and protection.
📖 Quranic Confirmation:
“And live with them (your wives) in kindness.” (Quran 4:19)
💡 Lesson: Islam teaches that women must be treated with dignity, love, and fairness, and their rights must be upheld.
5. The Importance of Brotherhood and Unity
📖 The Prophet (ﷺ) said:
“All Muslims are brothers to one another. You are all equal. No one has superiority over another except in piety.”
🔹 Key Message:
✅ Islam emphasizes unity and brotherhood among Muslims.
✅ Hatred, envy, and division should be avoided.
✅ The Ummah (Muslim community) is one body, and Muslims must support each other.
📖 Quranic Confirmation:
“Indeed, the believers are but brothers, so make peace between your brothers.” (Quran 49:10)
💡 Lesson: Muslims should help, support, and respect one another and avoid division and sectarianism.
6. The Prohibition of Interest (Riba) and Exploitation
📖 The Prophet (ﷺ) said:
“All forms of usury (Riba) are forbidden. Fear Allah in matters of business and trade.”
🔹 Key Message:
✅ Islam prohibits unfair financial practices that exploit the poor.
✅ Interest (Riba) leads to economic injustice and destroys societies.
✅ Ethical business and honesty in trade are highly emphasized in Islam.
📖 Quranic Confirmation:
“Allah has permitted trade and has forbidden interest (Riba).” (Quran 2:275)
💡 Lesson: Islam promotes fair business practices and prohibits economic oppression.
7. Holding Firm to the Quran and Sunnah
📖 The Prophet (ﷺ) said:
“I am leaving you with something that, if you hold onto it firmly, you will never go astray: the Book of Allah and my Sunnah.”
🔹 Key Message:
✅ The Quran and Hadith are the ultimate sources of guidance for Muslims.
✅ Islam will remain protected and clear as long as Muslims follow these teachings.
📖 Quranic Confirmation:
“And whoever obeys Allah and His Messenger has indeed achieved a great success.” (Quran 33:71)
💡 Lesson: Holding firmly to the Quran and Sunnah is the key to spiritual and worldly success.
8. The Final Reminder: Accountability on the Day of Judgment
📖 The Prophet (ﷺ) concluded:
“O People! You will be accountable to Allah for your deeds. So be mindful of your actions and prepare for the Hereafter.”
🔹 Key Message:
✅ Every person is responsible for their actions.
✅ Life is temporary—what matters is our faith and good deeds.
✅ The ultimate goal is success in the Hereafter (Akhirah).
📖 Quranic Confirmation:
“Whoever does an atom’s weight of good will see it, and whoever does an atom’s weight of evil will see it.” (Quran 99:7-8)
💡 Lesson: Always strive to do good and seek forgiveness from Allah before it’s too late.
Conclusion: The Final Sermon as a Blueprint for Life
Prophet Muhammad’s (ﷺ) Final Sermon contains the essence of Islam:
✅ Worship Allah alone (Tawheed)
✅ Equality for all—no racism
✅ Respect for life, property, and honor
✅ The rights and dignity of women
✅ The importance of unity and brotherhood
✅ Fairness in business and trade
✅ Holding firmly to the Quran and Sunnah
✅ Being mindful of the Hereafter
📢 Final Words of the Prophet (ﷺ):
“Let those who are present convey this message to those who are absent.”
