Term | Meaning |
Adhan | The Islamic call to prayer. |
Ahlul Bayt | The family of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH). |
Akhirah | The afterlife in Islamic belief. |
Alhamdulillah | “Praise be to Allah” – expressing gratitude. |
Allahu Akbar | “Allah is the Greatest” – used in prayers and expressions of faith. |
Angels (Mala’ika) | Spiritual beings created by Allah, without free will. |
AS (Alayhis Salaam) | “Peace be upon him” – used for Prophets other than Muhammad (PBUH). |
Astaghfirullah | “I seek forgiveness from Allah.” |
Barakah | Blessings and divine abundance. |
Bismillah | “In the name of Allah” – said before starting anything. |
Dawah | Inviting others to Islam through education and preaching. |
Dua | Supplication or personal prayer to Allah. |
Dunya | The worldly life, in contrast to the hereafter (Akhirah). |
Fatwa | A religious ruling or verdict based on Islamic law. |
Fiqh | Islamic jurisprudence (understanding of Islamic laws). |
Fitna | Trials, tribulations, or discord. |
Fitrah | The natural state of purity and belief in Allah. |
Ghusl | Full-body purification after major impurity. |
Hadith | The sayings and actions of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH). |
Hafiz | A person who has memorized the entire Qur’an. |
Hajj | The pilgrimage to Mecca, obligatory for those who can afford it. |
Halal | Permissible according to Islamic law. |
Haram | Forbidden in Islam. |
Hijab | Modest dress, often referring to a headscarf worn by Muslim women. |
Ijma | Consensus of Islamic scholars on religious matters. |
Iman | Faith or belief in Islam. |
Insha’Allah | “If Allah wills” – expressing hope for the future. |
Iqama | The call immediately before the congregational prayer starts. |
Istighfar | Seeking forgiveness from Allah. |
Istikhara | A prayer for seeking guidance from Allah in making decisions. |
Islam | The religion of submission to the will of Allah. |
Jahannam | Hellfire in the afterlife. |
Jannah | Paradise in the afterlife. |
Jinn | Beings created from smokeless fire, mentioned in the Qur’an. |
Khalifa (Caliph) | A leader of the Muslim community after the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH). |
Kufr | Disbelief in Allah or denial of Islamic teachings. |
Madhhab | A school of Islamic legal thought (e.g., Hanafi, Shafi’i, Maliki, Hanbali). |
Maqam | A spiritual station or level of closeness to Allah. |
Maqasid al-Shariah | The objectives of Islamic law, such as justice, mercy, and wisdom. |
Masjid | Mosque – a place of worship for Muslims. |
Mufti | A scholar who issues religious rulings (fatwas). |
Muezzin | The person who calls the Adhan (call to prayer). |
Muslim | A follower of Islam. |
PBUH (Peace Be Upon Him) | A phrase used after mentioning Prophet Muhammad (PBUH). |
Qadr (Taqdeer) | Divine destiny or predestination. |
Qur’an | The holy book of Islam, revealed to Prophet Muhammad (PBUH). |
RA (RadiAllahu Anhu/Anha/Anhum) | “May Allah be pleased with him/her/them” – used after the names of the Prophet’s companions. |
Rizq | Sustenance or provision from Allah. |
Ruqyah | Islamic healing through recitation of the Qur’an and supplications. |
Sabr | Patience and perseverance. |
Sadaqah | Voluntary charity given for the sake of Allah. |
Salat (Salah) | The five daily prayers performed by Muslims. |
Sahaba | The companions of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH). |
Sawm | Fasting during the month of Ramadan. |
Seerah | The biography of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH). |
Shaikh/Shaykh | A respected Islamic scholar or teacher. |
Shahada | The declaration of faith: “There is no god but Allah, and Muhammad is His messenger.” |
Shirk | Associating partners with Allah, which is a major sin in Islam. |
Shukr | Gratitude towards Allah. |
Sirat al-Mustaqeem | The Straight Path – referring to the righteous way of life in Islam. |
SubhanAllah | “Glory be to Allah” – said in awe or praise. |
Sunnah | The way of life prescribed by Prophet Muhammad (PBUH). |
Tabi’un | The generation that followed the companions of the Prophet (PBUH). |
Tafsir | The explanation or interpretation of the Qur’an. |
Tahajjud | A voluntary late-night prayer. |
Takbir | Saying “Allahu Akbar” (Allah is the Greatest). |
Tasbeeh | Glorification of Allah, often repeated (e.g., SubhanAllah, Alhamdulillah, Allahu Akbar). |
Tawheed | The concept of monotheism (oneness of Allah). |
Tazkiyah | Purification of the soul. |
Taqwa | Consciousness of Allah and piety. |
Ulama | Islamic scholars. |
Umrah | A non-mandatory pilgrimage to Mecca, which can be performed anytime. |
Wudu | Ritual purification (ablution) before prayer. |
Zakat | Obligatory charity given by eligible Muslims (2.5% of savings). |
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